Driving in America: A British Translation
This page covers them in the order they tend to matter: staying on the right, speed limits, the traffic laws that don't exist in the UK, fuel, road types, parking, tolls and what to do if a police car pulls you over. Rules vary by state, so treat the figures here as typical and check the state's own driver handbook for anything specific.
Right-Hand Driving
The biggest adjustment. You will drive on the right side of the road, sit on the left side of the car, and overtake on the left.
When You're Most Likely to Go Wrong
- Turning onto an empty road — your instinct is to pull into the left lane. Actively think: "stay right"
- Roundabouts (rare in the US, but they exist) — traffic flows anticlockwise
- Car parks — leaving a car park after being stationary often triggers a revert to left-hand instinct
- First thing in the morning — your muscle memory resets overnight. Be extra alert on your first drive each day
Tips
- Follow the car in front. In traffic, it's natural
- Put a small note on the dashboard: "KEEP RIGHT"
- Have your passenger call out "right!" when you turn onto quiet roads
- The indicator stalk is on the left (not the right). You will accidentally turn on the wipers for the first day. Everyone does
Speed Limits
Speed limits in the US vary by state and road type. They are posted in miles per hour (same as the UK).
| Road Type | Typical Limit |
|---|---|
| Residential streets | 25 mph |
| Urban roads | 30–35 mph |
| Suburban roads | 40–45 mph |
| State highways | 55–65 mph |
| Interstates (rural) | 65–80 mph |
| Texas toll roads | Up to 85 mph |
- Speed limits are strictly enforced. Police use radar, lidar, and unmarked cars. Small-town speed traps are common
- In most states, going 10+ mph over the limit guarantees a ticket. In some states (Virginia, for example), 20+ over can result in arrest
- Flow of traffic: On interstates, most traffic travels 5–10 mph above the posted limit. Matching traffic flow is generally safer than driving significantly slower
Traffic Laws
Right Turn on Red
- At a red traffic light, you may turn right after coming to a complete stop — unless a sign says "No Turn on Red"
- Yield to pedestrians and traffic coming from the left
- It saves a lot of waiting, but it's optional: if you're unsure the way is clear, wait for green. New York City bans right on red unless a sign allows it
Four-Way Stops
- At intersections with stop signs on all four corners, the first car to arrive goes first
- If two arrive simultaneously, the car on the right goes first
- If facing each other, left-turning traffic yields to straight-through traffic
- These are extremely common in residential areas. Come to a complete stop (rolling stops get tickets)
School Buses
- When a school bus stops and extends its red stop sign, you MUST stop. This applies in both directions on undivided roads
- Do not pass a stopped school bus. Fines are severe ($200–1,000) and cameras are increasingly common
Pedestrian Right of Way
- Pedestrians in crosswalks always have right of way
- In many states, you must stop for pedestrians waiting at an uncontrolled crosswalk (no traffic light)
Mobile Phones
- Handheld phone use while driving is illegal in most states, and texting at the wheel is banned in almost all of them
- Put the phone in a mount before you set off. Hire companies charge a daily fee for a sat nav, so most people use their own phone. A vent or dashboard mount that grips the phone firmly is enough; you can compare them in this search for car phone mounts on Amazon UK. Check that it fits your phone with its case on. If your hire car has Apple CarPlay or Android Auto, you may not need a mount at all
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Fuel (Gasoline)
Grades
| US Label | US Octane (AKI) | UK Equivalent (RON) | Use For |
|---|---|---|---|
| Regular | 87 | ~91–92 | Your hire car (standard) |
| Mid-Grade | 89 | ~93–94 | Rarely needed |
| Premium | 91–93 | ~95–98 | Sports cars, luxury vehicles (if required on fuel cap) |
US pumps show an average of two octane measures (AKI), so the numbers look lower than UK RON figures for the same fuel. Regular 87 is a little below UK standard 95 unleaded, and it's what US-market cars are built for. Your hire car almost certainly takes Regular (87); check the sticker inside the fuel flap. In high-altitude states such as Colorado you'll also see 85, which is fine only if the car's handbook allows it.
How to Fill Up
- Pull up to a pump. Note the pump number
- Pay at the pump with a card — most pumps accept cards directly. Some require a US ZIP code for card payments; if your UK card is rejected, go inside and tell the cashier the pump number and a dollar amount (e.g., "pump 4, $60 please")
- Select "Regular"
- Insert nozzle, squeeze handle. The pump stops automatically when full
- The price displayed is per US gallon (3.785 litres)
Costs
- US petrol usually costs around half the UK price per litre, though it varies a lot by state
- Average: $3.00–4.00/gallon (varies by state). California is most expensive (~$5.00+)
- In remote areas (Big Bend, Navajo Nation, Big Sur), prices can be 30–50% higher
Fuel-Up Rule
In rural and western states: never let the tank drop below half. The next station might be 100+ miles away.
Road Types
| Type | Description | Speed |
|---|---|---|
| Interstate (I-xx) | Multi-lane divided highway. The motorway equivalent. Even-numbered = east-west, odd = north-south | 65–80 mph |
| US Highway (US-xx) | May be divided or undivided. Often passes through towns | 45–65 mph |
| State Highway (TX-xx, CA-xx) | Varies enormously — from motorway-standard to narrow rural roads | 35–65 mph |
| County/Local Road | Often unpaved in rural areas | 25–45 mph |
| Scenic Byway | Designated scenic route — usually slower, always rewarding | Varies |
Parking
Types
- Metered street parking: Increasingly paid via apps (ParkMobile, ParkWhiz). Feed the meter or you will be ticketed
- Car parks (parking lots/garages): Flat rate ($10–40/day in cities) or hourly
- Free parking: Common in suburban areas and small towns. Always check signs
- Valet parking: Common at hotels and restaurants. Tip $2–5 when your car is returned
Rules
- Never park in front of a fire hydrant ($100+ ticket)
- Handicap spaces (blue markings) — heavy fines without a valid permit
- Red curb = no stopping. White curb = loading only. Green curb = time-limited
- In San Francisco and other hilly cities: curb your wheels when parking on a hill (turn wheels toward the curb when facing downhill, away when facing uphill). It's the law
Tolls
- Electronic tolling is increasingly common. Many toll plazas have no cash option — your car is photographed and billed
- Your hire car should have a transponder (E-ZPass in the Northeast, SunPass in Florida, TxTag in Texas). Confirm with the rental company
- Some bridges and tunnels charge significant tolls ($10–20, especially in New York/New Jersey and the Bay Area)
- In the West and South, toll roads are less common
Emergencies
- Emergency number: 911 (equivalent to 999)
- Roadside assistance: most hire cars include basic cover. Check your rental documents for the number
- If pulled over by police: stay in the car, turn off the engine, keep hands on the wheel, and wait for the officer to approach. Do not get out of the car. This is important
- If your car breaks down on an interstate: pull onto the hard shoulder (right side), turn on hazard lights, and call roadside assistance. Stay in the car if possible
Quick Reference Card
| UK Term | US Equivalent |
|---|---|
| Motorway | Interstate / Freeway / Highway |
| Dual carriageway | Divided highway |
| Roundabout | Traffic circle / Rotary |
| Flyover | Overpass |
| Slip road | On-ramp / Off-ramp |
| Car park | Parking lot / Parking garage |
| Boot | Trunk |
| Bonnet | Hood |
| Windscreen | Windshield |
| Petrol | Gas / Gasoline |
| Gear stick | Shift lever (rare — most cars are automatic) |
| Sat nav | GPS |
| Number plate | License plate |
| Indicator | Turn signal / Blinker |
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